This book is carefully designed and written as per the CBCS (Choice Based Credit System) syllabus prescribed for 3rd Semester Botany students under Dibrugarh University. Authored by Pranab Paul, a subject expert with years of academic experience, the book aims to provide a thorough understanding of the fundamental and applied concepts of Genetics along with hands-on practical components.

? Theory Content (as per CBCS syllabus – Dibrugarh University)

Unit 1: Mendelian Genetics

• Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance

• Monohybrid and Dihybrid Crosses

• Back Cross and Test Cross

• Incomplete Dominance and Co-dominance

• Multiple Alleles (Example: ABO blood group)

Unit 2: Linkage and Crossing Over

• Concept of Linkage: Complete and Incomplete

• Crossing Over and Recombination

• Chromosome Mapping: Two-point and Three-point Test Cross

Unit 3: Sex Determination and Sex Linkage

• Mechanisms of Sex Determination in Plants and Animals

• XX-XY, ZZ-ZW, XO Types

• Sex-linked Inheritance (Haemophilia, Colour Blindness)

• Dosage Compensation and Barr Bodies

Unit 4: Mutation and Chromosomal Aberrations

• Types of Mutation: Gene and Chromosomal

• Mutagens: Physical and Chemical

• Deletion, Duplication, Inversion, and Translocation

• Polyploidy and Aneuploidy

Unit 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

• Structure and Function of DNA and RNA

• DNA Replication (semi-conservative)

• Genetic Code and Central Dogma

• Transcription and Translation in Prokaryotes

• Regulation of Gene Expression (Lac Operon Model)

? Practical Content

1. Study of Mendelian Ratios using seed characteristics or other specimens.

2. Study of Linkage using Drosophila or simulated data.

3. Study of Chromosomal Aberrations from prepared slides or charts.

4. Karyotype Analysis – Normal and Abnormal (Down's, Turner's syndromes).

5. Study of Barr Body in buccal smear.

6. Demonstration of DNA Extraction from plant material.

7. Study of Sex-linked Inheritance Patterns using pedigree charts or genetic problems.

8. Solving Genetics Problems – Mendelian, multiple alleles, linkage, etc.